Glossary
Indica
A commercial label associated with relaxing effects. Genomic evidence shows it does not reflect genetic relatedness and does not reliably predict effects.
A 2021 study in Nature Plants genotyped over 100 samples at more than 100,000 SNPs and found that indica- and sativa-labelled samples were "genetically indistinct on a genome-wide scale". Labelling instead tracked variation in a small number of terpenes, with myrcene the strongest single indica marker at about 21% of labelling variation.
The label is not useless — it weakly signals aroma chemistry. It is simply not the effect predictor the retail environment treats it as.
Also written as: indica strain.
Related terms
Sources
- Watts S, McElroy M, Migicovsky Z, Maassen H, van Velzen R, Myles S. Cannabis labelling is associated with genetic variation in terpene synthase genes. Nature Plants. 2021;7(10):1330-1334.(DOI 10.1038/s41477-021-01003-y)Accessed 2026-08-15.
- Smith CJ, Vergara D, Keegan B, Jikomes N. The phytochemical diversity of commercial Cannabis in the United States. PLOS ONE. 2022;17(5):e0267498.(DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0267498)Accessed 2026-08-15.